Standard III, Criterion C19 (2004 Standards) and Standard E.10 (PDS) require programs to provide “opportunities for students to obtain clinical experiences outside the regular clinical schedule by a call experience or other mechanism.” Call experiences are planned clinical experiences outside the normal operating room schedules. Assigned duty on shifts falling within these hours (e.g., 3-11PM, 11PM-7AM, weekends, etc.) is considered the equivalent of an anesthesia call, during which a student is afforded the opportunity to gain experience with urgent and emergent cases. Although a student may be assigned to a 24-hour call experience, at no time may a student provide direct patient care for a period longer than 16 continuous hours.